Methodology

The project "Monitoring on rights of people with disabilities in Montenegro" is based on a holistic approach to the rights of persons with disabilities, which includes:

1. Individual experiences of people with disabilities;
2. Systemic measures taken to protect and improve the rights of persons with disabilities (laws, policies, programs) and
3. Media image and the social attitudes about disability issues.

3.1 About Holistic Approach:

3.1.1. Individual Experiences monitoring

This part of the report focuses on the individual experiences of people with disabilities, which were made through interviews on the field and in three towns in Montenegro: Bar, Podgorica and Bijelo Polje. The objective approach based on individual respondents' experiences is related to the intention to find out the experiences of the respondents in the access or denial of their human rights. With the persons with disabilities who were interviewed in the field were discussing with people with disabilities themselves, so that the goal and the foundation of the project, as well as individual experiences to engage people with disabilities and organizations of persons with disabilities, to lift and strengthen their capacity in order to develop a unified monitoring system on which to base all further research and monitoring and implementation of human rights, which means that the approach itself is based on a model of human rights. In interviews, the individuals involved in total of 89 subjects (49 men and 40 women), per 30 from Bar and Podgorica and 29 from Bijelo Polje. The aim of the research, ie the study of individual experiences in the field was to obtain data on human rights violations of people with disabilities in various areas of life, in the following areas: privacy and family life, education, labor and employment, social participation, information and communication, access to justice, disability income insurance and support services, health, habilitation and rehabilitation. The basis of the testings of subjects experience in these areas were based on the five principles of human rights, namely: dignity, autonomy, equality and non-discrimination, participation, inclusion and accessibility and respect for diversity. So in all areas apart the respondents spoke in terms of these principles of human rights in these areas. Interviews were taped, then retyped and coded using the coding scheme developed by DRPI and analyzed using the software NVivo10. Individual monitors (interviewers) were, as we have already said, selected by cross disability principal, based on what's been selected 20 people with different characteristics with respect to age, sex, type of disability, education and employment status, previous experience, etc. On a week-long training session (from 21 to 28 January 2012.) with the participation of all those who were later involved in the realization of the project was selected 10 pairs of monitors who were tasked with conducting interviews in the field. Among the interviewers were employed in the organizations of persons with disabilities, students, as well as longtime activists of the disability movement. Interviews were administered at after retyping Nvivo, then coded. After the coding was done analysis of interviews and written analytical report, as part of a comprehensive holistic report. The process of entering, coding and analysis of the interviews lasted 3 months and at the forefront of analytical Monitors Marina Vujacic from Association of Youth with Disabilities and her associate Milan Šaranović from Centre for antidiscrimination "EQUISTA".

3.1.2. Systemic Monitoring

The goal of the systematic monitoring is to identify and draw attention to critical gaps and weaknesses in the national legislation and political frameworks in the field of protection and promotion of human rights of persons with disability, through the analysis of the five general principles of human rights. Systematic monitoring is done by the pattern of systematic monitoring, published by DRPI Systematic monitoring was implemented in a period of three months by a team consisting of Milan Šaranović, Team Leader and Miroslava- Mima Ivanović, a member of the team from Association of Youth with Disabilities with the associates`s help Janko Adžić, the Coordinator of Legal Affairs at the Centre for Anti-discrimination "EQUISTA".

3.1.3. Media Monitoring

The goal of media monitoring, and tracking of social attitudes means summary and retrieval of the model in which disability, apropos people with disabilities are in printed media, broadcast and online media, in order to learn social and public attitudes towards people with disabilities. Later this information is used to corroborate individual experience and systematic measures and thus will produce one part of the recommendations in order to combat the negative stereotypes and prejudice, apropos human rights violations. The media monitoring for this project dealt with 175 articles from a variety of electronic media (television and internet portal), as well as articles in the daily press. In order to analyze the social attitudes were used articles published from 1.07.2012 to 31.12.2012, that is to say a period of six months during the project, and the processing was carried out for a period of 3 months. In addition to the team coordinator for media monitoring Milenko Vojičić, on media monitoring were working also the associates from the Association of Youth with Disabilities of Montenegro, Sandra Nedović, politicologist, and Aleksandra Nenezic sociologist. Media monitoring is done based on a system of encryption DRPI and analyzed using the Guide.

At the beginning of a short analysis of media monitoring is important to mention that the most followed were the media with national coverage, because we use the program archive media and was denied access to the local media. For this reason, the following media were monitored: ND Vijesti, Vijesti Portal, Television “Vijesti”, Public service -Radio Television of Montenegro (RTCG), TV Pink M, MONTENA TV, RTV Atlas, daily press "Dan", a DN “Dnevne novine”, daily press "Pobjeda," web portal “E-Balkan”, Portal “Analitika” and portal “Cafe del Montenegro”.

3.2. Other Principles of Holistic Approach

Holistic approach follows the rights of persons with disabilities in several ways, and then integrates information. Such an approach gives a better insight into the realities faced by people with disabilities. It also allows to find out how different problems affect each other, whether they are based in the laws and policies, practices, or social attitudes or attitude of the media towards people with disabilities. Coalition of PWD's organizations at the initial meeting among other things agreed that cities in Montenegro in conducting the monitoring of individual experiences of people with disabilities will be Podgorica as a big city in the central region, Bar as a small city in south-coastal region and Bijelo Polje and its rural area, as a city on the north of Montenegro. Likewise Association of Youth with Disabilities of Montenegro has been selected for the project owner. At the beginning of the realization of this project was held a week-long training for all participants in the project implementation in order to provide closer guidance, training and capacity building of persons with disabilities in the implementation of a comprehensive monitoring of the human rights of people with disabilities in Montenegro. Part of the training participants, and subsequently monitors of individual experiences of people with disabilities in the selected municipalities were 20 persons with disabilities selected by the cross disability principal. In that same way that they later selected and people with disabilities with whom an individual interview was done on the field or in the communities in which they live. So, when choosing subjects were taken into account the representation of people with disabilities in relation to sex, age, type of disability, education and employment status.

Another principle of the project was based on the need that in the project should be involved people with disabilities living in large urban areas, followed by those living in the smaller city as a whole, as well as people from rural areas (explained in background). AYDM in the realization of this project collaborated with members of organizations of persons with disabilities and organizations of persons with disabilities of the three mentioned cities, who participated in this project, together with the perpetrators of the monitoring, field (site) coordinators, analytical and system monitors, and project coordinator. They have all contributed to the content and the organization of this report.

To learn about the demographic background of the areas in which interviews were conducted individual experiences, we will present only the most basic information about the locations of monitoring individual experiences.

Podgorica is the capital of Montenegro, which covers an area of 1,500 square kilometers, or 10.7% of the territory of Montenegro.The latest statistics show that in Podgorica today live 187 085 inhabitants, which represents 30% of total Montenegrin population. Population is 49.39% male and 50.61% female. The majority of the population of Montenegro in Podgorica is due to greater opportunities for personal and professional development, better and more diverse educational opportunities and personal job choices and better opportunities for employment and human resources development.

Bar combines modernity, tradition and beauty. It is significant as a dynamic economic center of Montenegro, as well as a city that has a rich cultural and historical tradition. Bar is one of the sunniest cities in the Mediterranean. 44 km of coastline, of which over 9 km are sea beaches, 67 km of beaches of Lake Skadar and the mountain range that separates the two large bodies of water, make Bar an ideal destination for tourists.

Bijelo Polje is located in the northeast of Montenegro beside the highway and the railroad Belgrade-Bar, area of 924 km2 with a population of 46.051, Bijelo Polje is by area the fourth and by the number of population is the third municipality in the country, represents a transportation, commercial, cultural and educational center of Montenegro's north. The town center is situated on two accumulative terraces at an altitude of 575 m, while the surrounding rural area is intersected by river valleys of several rivers. The climate is continental. The territory of Bijelo Polje is a basin and mountainous area with very favorable conditions for the development of many branches of agriculture and tourism.

3.3. Statistics, Demographic and Socio-Economic Data on People With Disabilities

With the latest census in 2011 for the first time in Montenegro appears the possibility of obtaining statistics on people with disabilities. Although poorly-defined question: “Do you have disturbance in your everyday activities?”, resulted in obtaining much of the data on persons with disabilities, as well as the causes, of "disturbance in the performance of activities".

The following table lists the demographic data of the population who reported having difficulties in performing daily activities, as they are the only official statistics.

In order to provide a closer demographic and socio-economic data on the respondents who participated in the interviews of individual experiences, we are showing the table of basic features.

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